Introduction
A buffer overflow is a very well-known vulnerability that occurs when it is possible to put more data into a buffer than that buffer can hold. In the coming tutorials, we will learn about this vulnerability and how it can be exploited. In this tutorial, however, we will go over some concepts that will be necessary to know in order to understand the buffer overflow.
The Stack Structure
The stack is a data structure that holds information about functions while the program is executing. Whenever a function is called, a new stack frame is pushed onto the stack. When the function is finished executing, its stack frame is popped off the stack. Consider the following program